Discharge

Published on: May 22, 2020

Why You Should Never File Bankruptcy On Your Own

With the effects of Coronavirus still impacting the economy, many people are facing loss of income. This reduction in income makes it harder for working people to pay their bills. Things might not get better. One economist estimates 42 percent of recent layoffs will result in permanent job loss.

Whether their lay offs are permanent or temporary, people are looking for ways to save money on goods and services that they need. With the advent of the Internet, people have become used to finding information and deals on items they need. The Internet Age has made people used to getting things fast and cheap, or even free. It has also made people believe in do-it-yourself. Just watch a video and you can do anything yourself. The recent lockdowns have had people searching for Youtube videos on how to cut their own hair, since most salons and barber shops have been closed.

Some people who are facing overwhelming debt also look for do-it-yourself solutions to deal with their debt. They often file for bankruptcy without an attorney. There are signs in Jacksonville along I-95 exits saying “Bankruptcy $150.” These signs are placed along the interstate by non-lawyers or “petition preparers” who will take $150 from you to type the documents necessary to file a bankruptcy case. The thought is that bankruptcy is just filing out some forms and filing them with a court. (This author once had a boss, who is a lawyer. This lawyer declared, “Bankruptcy isn’t rocket science; it is just filling out a bunch of forms about your finances.” When this person filed for bankruptcy a few years later, she hired a competent lawyer.)

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Published on: May 15, 2020

With So Many Floridians Losing Their Jobs or Income, Now is a Good Time to See if You Qualify for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy

By Robert Wilbert

Because of the historic economic impact of COVID-19, economists are predicting a “tsunami” of personal bankruptcy filings. Well-known businesses like J. Crew, Beall’s, Goody’s, Gold’s Gym and Neiman Marcus recently filed for bankruptcy protection. Most major airlines could face bankruptcy without a government bailout.

Americans who have become used to using credit cards as a stop-gap measure to survive pay-cuts might not be able to rely on this method since nearly 50 million Americans just had their credit card limits cut.

For centuries, companies have used bankruptcy as a tool to survive, reorganize or to shut-down. Several airlines have filed bankruptcy over the past three decades, primarily to break contracts and modify pensions.

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Published on: March 17, 2020

Bankruptcy Could Help You Deal With the Economic Impact of Coronavirus

By Robert Wilbert

Americans can’t go online, turn on the TV or go shopping without being bombarded with news about coronavirus. Our Facebook feeds are rife with posts about the virus and how much impact it will have on our every day lives. Just a few months ago, we were gearing up for March Madness, spring break at Disneyworld, PGA Golf Tournaments and Lucero at the Ryman Auditorium. Now those events have been postponed or canceled, and even Orlando theme parks are closed for the rest of the month. Just today, IRS postponed the deadline on which income taxes are due to July 15.

Our lives have changed in a flash. The Associated Press warns that Americans must brace for new life of no school and growing dread. We now spend more time in line at Walmart buying toilet paper than we do lining up for Black Friday sales. Parents worry about their jobs while they wonder who’ll watch their children while they are at work since schools have extended spring break or shut down for weeks.

The world has changed. We are told to practice “social distancing” and not come within so many feet of our fellow human beings. People are wearing medical masks and gloves when they go out. Some people walk around with Lysol bottles.

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Published on: June 18, 2018

Bankruptcy after Identity Theft in Jacksonville, Florida

By Kendal Schoepfer

As a very last resort for debt relief, many people look to bankruptcy after identity theft in Jacksonville, Florida. Identity theft is a major issue throughout the United States and can leave the victim with a mess to clean up. One of the biggest results of being the victim of identity theft is having to deal with debt collectors and having a bad credit score for debts you did not acquire; even after filing a police report. After filing a police report, it is almost impossible to actually locate the individual who stole your identity. This leaves you with very few options as to how to get away from the debt that is not yours. This is also all too often the case even after you have contacted each credit card company, informed them that the account is due to identity theft and provided them with proof that the debt is not yours (including a police report). These debts can even remain on your credit report, causing a bad credit score, after disputing each indebtedness with all three credit bureaus. Continue reading →

Published on: April 12, 2018

What is a Trustee’s Report of No Distribution in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?

By Kendal Schoepfer

In most Chapter 7 Bankruptcy cases, debtors do not have any property or assets the Chapter 7 Trustee can take and then distribute among the debtors’ creditors. Once the trustee completes his or her investigation into the debtor’s bankruptcy petition and supporting documentation the trustee requests, and after the 341 hearing (also known as the meeting of creditors), the trustee will file a Report of No Distribution with the court. The purpose of the Report of No Distribution is to tell the court the debtor’s creditors will not be receiving any payments.

How do you get a Report of No Distribution?

Again, a Report of No Distribution from a Trustee means that you have no assets that can be taken and given to your creditors. You either have no assets whatsoever, or you are able to protect the assets you have through exemptions.

For example, in Florida, we have a Homestead Exemption, a motor vehicle exemption of $1,000, a personal property exemption ($1,000 when claiming the Homestead Exemption and $4,000 when not claiming the homestead exemption), and a retirement account exemption. Continue reading →

Published on: May 24, 2017

Student Loans Might be Dischargeable in 2017

By Kendal Schoepfer

The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention Act of 2005 made student loan debts non-dischargeable through bankruptcy. Why do you ask?

The federal student loan program was initially created with the goal of making a college education affordable for all children. Originally student loans were only meant to help fill the bridge between grant money and the cost of tuition, books, and housing. In other words, student loans were only supposed to supplement education costs. Student loans were never meant to completely cover the full costs of receiving a higher education.

Instead of being based on your creditworthiness like most other types of debts, student loans are only based on your need. Due to this need v. creditworthiness approach, Congress did not feel that student loans should be dischargeable through bankruptcy except under very extreme circumstances that are completely out of your control. Specifically, Congress did not want to put the burden of unpaid student loans onto the taxpayers. Continue reading →

Published on: February 10, 2016

How can I make the bank take possession of my home I surrendered through bankruptcy?

By Kendal Schoepfer

Many people over the last several years have been forced to file bankruptcy because they faced foreclosure. In many of these bankruptcies, the homeowner chose to surrender their home because it did not make financial sense to try and keep it. Years later they find out that the home is still deeded in their names and are understandably shocked as they further learn they have also remained financially responsible for the property taxes, homeowner associations dues, etc. associated with that home. This is because even though you elected to surrender your home through bankruptcy and receiving the discharge relieved you from the liability of the mortgage debt, the bankruptcy did not automatically take the property out of your name and put the deed to the home in the name of your mortgage holder. So what can you do? The answer to this question is not going to be what you want to hear.

There are 2 ways in which the deed of your surrendered home can be transferred out of your name. The first is for your mortgage holder to agree to a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. A deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is where the bank agrees to take back possession of the home and you simply sign the deed over to your mortgage holder and provide them with the keys. In order to get a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, you must reach out to your mortgage holder and ask them if they will agree to a deed-in-lieu. If your mortgage holder refuses to accept a deed-in-lieu, your only other option is to wait for your mortgage holder to foreclose on the home. When your mortgage holder begins the foreclosure process, it is important to make sure they are only foreclosing “in rem.” This means they are only asking the court for possession of the home and not suing you personally for the debt, since the debt was discharged through your bankruptcy.

Unfortunately, it may take your mortgage holder years to begin foreclosing on the home. It is important to know that as long as the property remains deeded in your name, you will remain responsible for the property taxes, homeowner association dues, the upkeep of the property, etc. If it does take your mortgage holder years to foreclose, it could also mean you will have to wait even longer after you received your discharge in order to purchase a new home. This is because the foreclosure judgment will most likely be reported on your credit report.

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Published on: October 29, 2015

Can I file Bankruptcy Again?

By Kendal Schoepfer

You have already filed and completed a Chapter 13 Bankruptcy. All of your unsecured debts have either been paid off or discharged and all of your secured debts (such as your mortgage) are current. You found the light at the end of your financial debt tunnel. In addition to your mortgage, you have been approved for a couple of new credit cards and a personal loan. You are able to make all payments very easily. Then, very unexpectedly, you are laid off from your job or are forced to take a pay cut. You can no longer afford to continue to pay your mortgage along with the credit cards and personal loan. Your creditors are already sending you harassing letters in the mail and calling your phone multiple times a day. You are devastated. You worked so hard to get out of your financial crisis only to find yourself in another one. You need bankruptcy protection NOW. You find out that your income is now low enough to qualify for a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy. So you think you’ll just file a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, reaffirm your mortgage, and be ok. Right? You meet with a bankruptcy attorney to get the process started only to find out you cannot file a Chapter 7; at least, not yet.

The good news is that you can definitely file bankruptcy again, but there are very strict time limits that must be followed if you have already received a Chapter 13 discharge. In order to file a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, you must wait 6 years from when you filed your Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, but you only have to wait 2 years from when you filed your Chapter 13 in order to file another Chapter 13. Therefore, you can usually file for another Chapter 13 immediately after receiving a Chapter 13 discharge, since Chapter 13 Plans generally last between three and five years.

In the above scenario, you filed your first Chapter 13 Bankruptcy on August 15, 2013. Today is October 29, 2015, just over 2 years later. Therefore, you cannot yet file a Chapter 7, but you can file another Chapter 13 in order to receive bankruptcy protection now from your harassing creditors.

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Published on: October 2, 2015

Chapter 7 Bankruptcy and Your Second Mortgage

By Kendal Schoepfer

You filed a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy and have received your discharge. Among the debts included in your Chapter 7 Petition was your first and second mortgage. You reaffirmed your first mortgage (you elected to remain financially liable for your first mortgage) because you wanted to keep your home, but did not reaffirm your second mortgage. Therefore, you are no longer financially liable for your second mortgage. This seems like fantastic news! You get to keep your home, but no longer have to pay your second mortgage. Right? Unfortunately, this is not the case.

Although you no longer have to pay your second mortgage because you are no longer financially liable for the debt, your second mortgage still has a lien on your home. When you received your first and second mortgage, they each placed a lien on your home in order to secure their interest in your home. These liens allow each mortgage to foreclose on the home in the event you default on your payments. Unfortunately, the bankruptcy only removed your financial liability for your second mortgage. It did not remove the lien the second mortgage placed on your home. Consequently, your second mortgage maintains the right to foreclose on your home if you default on your payments.

So what do you do? You must payoff or settle your second mortgage before your second mortgage forecloses on your home or before you sell your home, whichever comes first. However, when you need to settle your second mortgage largely depends on how much your home is currently worth and how much you owe on your first mortgage. If your second mortgage chooses to foreclose on your home, then your second mortgage must payoff your first mortgage in order to hold the home free and clear. In other words, if your home is only worth $200,000, but you owe $250,000 on your first mortgage, then your second mortgage is not likely to foreclose at the current time because they would have to pay your first mortgage $50,000 more than what the house could be sold for. If you are currently in this situation you have the luxury of not having to try settling your second mortgage immediately. You can take time to save as much money as possible in order to try to settle your second mortgage for a lower amount in one lump some. You also have the option of simply continuing to make your normal monthly payments if you are current on your payments. Regardless of what you decide to do today, it is important to know that if and/or when you decide to sell your home, your second mortgage will have to be settled in order to complete the transaction.

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Published on: September 16, 2015

Are you smart for filing Bankruptcy?

By Kendal Schoepfer

Filing for bankruptcy can be a very smart decision, but it is not a smart decision for everyone. Many different factors must be taken into account before making the decision to file for bankruptcy and it is a decision that should not be taken lightly.

First you should consider all possibilities that could get you out of your current debt situation. One possible alternative is to come up with a repayment plan based on your current income. This approach basically allows you to make a little progress with each paycheck you receive. You will most likely be living paycheck to paycheck, but if you are in a lot of debt, you are probably already doing this. If you think this approach is possible for you, you must then consider whether you can emotionally deal with the lingering debt and harassing telephone calls you most definitely receive from your creditors until you have paid everything off. This could last for years and take a toll on your mental and physical health. If you think you can do this financially, but do not believe you can handle the mental or physical stress that comes with it, then this approach may not be a good one for you.

If the above approach is not for you, then you might want to consider filing for bankruptcy, but you must first fully understand which chapter of bankruptcy you are eligible to file and how bankruptcy will affect your debts, assets, future, and health. There are generally two types of bankruptcies an individual files. The first is a Chapter 7, which is a strict liquidation of your assets and a wiping out of your debts, and the second is a Chapter 13, which is a reorganization of your debts. Which chapter you are able to file mostly depends on your household income and family size.

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